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Uncertainties on the effective advantages of biofuels over fossil fuels came forward in 2007-2008 have contributed in rising the food prices.EU seems to be so trustful in the future of biofuels insomuch as in 2009 it reformulates a new directive for biofuels adoption and despite the poor performance reached so far by MSs it sets more ambitious objectives to reach within 2020. At the present, biofuels promotion represent a huge cost for MSs and its benefits can be appreciated only in the long run.At the present biofuels promotion represent a huge cost for MSs and its benefits can be appreciated only in the long run. So MSs should trust the EC about the profitability that they will be able to gain from the biofuel promotion. But year by year MSs trust is jeopardized by the even more realistic electric car diffusion. The consequence would be that MSs do not know if it will be more profitable invest on biofuels or electric car. The final aim of this thesis is to provide recommendations that Mss and the EC should follow in order to improve biofuels adoption.

Biofuels for transport: A passing fad or an enduring trend? The European experience on behalf of Directive 2003/30