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This book reviews the evolutionary forces behind sex differences in fear responses and, crucially, delves into the mechanisms through which sexual selection might have driven sex differences in connection with fear. Fear is an evolved mechanism that helps us stay alive, but is also an emotion experienced more intensely, more frequently, and longer in women than in men. This book therefore asks the following question: Why might evolution have made women more motivated than men to avoid danger? It provides an overview of the brain areas underpinning the experience of fear and evaluates the evidence that these areas manifest sex-specific differences in their structure and function. Given its scope, the book will be essential reading for anyone interested in an evolutionary perspective on psychological sex differences.

Sex Differences in Fear Response: An Evolutionary Perspective

Chapter 1: Fear, Sex Differences and the 'Staying Alive' Hypothesis.- Chapter 2: Components of the Fear System and Real-World Evidence for Sex Differences in Fear.- Chapter 3: Sex Differences in the Subjective Experience of Fear.- Chapter 4: Sex Differences in Strength of Fear Response.- Chapter 5: Sex Differences in Time Course of Fear Response.- Chapter 7: Discussion and Conclusions.- Appendix 1: Experimental Techniques Used in Fear Studies in Relation to Proposed Components.- Appendix 2: Summary of Regions and Circuitry Functionally Implicated in Fear. Appendix 3: Cohen's D.